Jharkhand (lit. "Bushland" or The land of forest) is a state in eastern India, carved out of the southern part of Jharkhand on 15 November 2000.[4] The state shares its border with the states of Jharkhand to the north, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Chhattisgarh to the west, Odisha to the south and West Bengal to the east. It has an area of 79,710 km2 (30,778 sq mi).
The city of Ranchi is its capital and Dumka its sub capital.
Jharkhand suffers from resource curse;[5] It accounts for more than 40% of the mineral resources of India,[6] but it suffers widespread poverty as 39.1% of the population is below the poverty line and 19.6% of the children under five years of age are malnourished.[7] The state is primarily rural, with only 24% of the population living in cities.[8]
t regions—the coastal plain, the hill ranges (the Western Ghats), the Jharkhand Plateau to the east, and the black-soil tract to the northwest. The coastal plain represents a northward continuation of the Malabar Coast, with sand dunes giving place inland to small alluvial plains and lagoons. The coast itself is difficult to access, except by sea.